October 21st in Astronomy and Space Science
![]() | 1923 | The Deutsches Museum in Munich opens the world's first planetarium. |
![]() | 1967 | Danish chemist and astronomer Ejnar Hertzsprung dies. He is most well known for the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram that relates the spectral color of a star to its intrinsic brightness and is important in understanding a star's classification and evolution. Hertzsprung and American astronomer Henry Norris Russell independently derived the color-luminosity relation. Hertzsprung also calibrated the cepheid period-luminosity relationship first discovered by Henrietta Leavitt and used it to determine the distance to the Small Magellanic Cloud. |